Plastic Granules Types and Uses | Industrial Guide

Plastic granules are the currency of the modern manufacturing world. Whether you are an injection molder, an extruder, or a recycling plant owner, the quality of your granules defines the quality of your final product.

However, navigating the vast array of polymer types—from commodity plastics like PE and PP to engineering resins like ABS—can be complex. This guide breaks down the essential types of plastic granules, their specific industrial applications, and how to process them efficiently using Rumtoo’s advanced machinery technologies.

The Three Pillars of Plastic Granules

Before selecting a material, understand the source:

  • Virgin Granules: Sourced directly from petrochemicals. Best for medical/food applications requiring 100% purity.
  • Recycled Granules (r-Granules): The future of the industry. Made from processed waste (via Pelletizing Systems), offering cost savings and sustainability.
  • Masterbatches: Concentrated additives used to color or modify properties (UV stability, anti-static) of the base polymer.

Common Plastic Granule Types & Processing Insights

To optimize your production line, you must match the material properties with the right machinery settings.

1. PE (Polyethylene)
HDPE / LDPE

Applications: Pipes, bottles, films, and tanks.

Why use it: High chemical resistance and impact strength. It is the most versatile plastic globally.

Processing Insight: HDPE is tough. When recycling HDPE pipes or drums, you need a Heavy Duty Shredder with high torque to prevent stalling before granulation.
2. PP (Polypropylene)
Automotive

Applications: Bumpers, dashboards, woven bags, food containers.

Why use it: High melting point and resistance to fatigue (ideal for hinges).

Processing Insight: PP woven bags are notoriously difficult to shred because they wrap around rotors. Use a specialized Anti-Winding Single Shaft Shredder.
3. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)
Construction

Applications: Window frames, pipes, cable insulation.

Why use it: Flame retardant and excellent weatherability.

Processing Insight: PVC is heat-sensitive and corrosive. Your extruder screws and barrels must be bimetallic or specially treated to resist acid corrosion during processing.
4. PET (Polyester)
Packaging

Applications: Beverage bottles, fibers (polyester), strapping.

Why use it: Unmatched clarity and gas barrier properties.

Processing Insight: Moisture is the enemy of PET. Efficient drying systems and Washing Lines are critical before re-granulating to prevent hydrolysis and brittleness.
5. ABS
Engineering

Applications: LEGO bricks, electronic housings, automotive trim.

Why use it: Perfect balance of toughness, gloss, and machinability.

Processing Insight: ABS requires stable temperatures. It produces excellent recycled granules that retain high value in the electronics market.

Comparative Guide for Buyers

Choosing the right granule affects your machinery choice and production cost. Here is a quick comparison:

MaterialDensity (g/cm³)Recycling DifficultyKey Machinery Requirement
HDPE0.93 – 0.97Low (Easy)Heavy Duty Shredder
PP (Film/Woven)0.90 – 0.91Medium (Tangling)Compactor / Densifier
PVC1.30 – 1.45High (Corrosive)Specialized Screw Design
PET1.38Medium (Drying needed)Hot Wash & Vacuum Drying

The Rise of Recycled Granules

The market is shifting. Using recycled granules is no longer just an “eco-friendly” choice—it is a strategic necessity.

  • Cost Efficiency: Recycled granules can cost 30-50% less than virgin resin.
  • Regulatory Compliance: Many regions now mandate a % of recycled content in packaging.
  • Technology Enabled: With Rumtoo’s advanced filtration systems and degassing units, recycled granules can now achieve near-virgin quality performance.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: Can recycled granules be used for food packaging?

A: Yes, but only if processed via FDA/EFSA approved “Bottle-to-Bottle” recycling lines that ensure decontamination. For non-food items (like crates or pallets), standard recycled granules are perfect.

Q: What is the difference between GPPS and HIPS granules?

A: GPPS (General Purpose Polystyrene) is clear but brittle (think CD cases). HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene) contains rubber additives, making it opaque but much tougher (think appliance housings).

Q: How do I start producing my own granules from waste?

A: You need a recycling line consisting of a shredder, a washing system (if material is dirty), and a pelletizing extruder. Rumtoo Machine can design a custom line based on your specific waste stream.

Need to Process or Recycle Plastic Granules?

Don’t let inefficient machinery eat into your margins. Whether you are compounding virgin material or recycling post-consumer waste, Rumtoo provides the industrial-grade solutions you need.

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